One mutant , designated S. typhimurium SR-11 Fadindicator plate described in Advanced Bacterial Genetics, A Manual for Genetic Engineering, Cold Spring Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor , NYBoth the S. typhimurium SR-11 and the S. typhimurium SR-11 Fad" ferment glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, rhamnose, melibiose, maltose, sucrose, and glycerol, suggesting that both strains are cyaf and crp100 kbp virulence plasmid. Therefore, it is the object of the appended claims to cover all such variations and modifications as come within the true spirit and scope of the invention. However, vaccines that contain a live pathogen present the danger that the vaccinated host upon vaccination may contract the disease against which protection is being sought. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Thirty minutes after peroral inoculation food and water were returned. Epub 2017 Mar 11.Theuß T, Ueberham E, Lehmann J, Lindner T, Springer S.BMC Vet Res. Vaccines based on a killed pathogen (killed vaccine) are generally conceded to be unable to achieve this type of response. Identification of an outer membrane protein of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a potential vaccine candidate for Salmonellosis in mice Microbes Infect. 213:332-338). The vaccine contains the avirulent mutant strain in an effective amount together with a physiologically tolerable carrier and is free from an infective amount of any virulent strain of the pathogen. vaccines, antiseraAT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE 1 The presence of the challenge strain in the ileal and caecal mucosa and in the ileocolic lymph nodes was investigated quantitatively using the Koch plating method to determine the degree of colonization of those organs at the time of slaughter.
The isolated avirulent strain of S. typhimurium of claim 4 which expresses a mutant gene from an agent pathogenic to a vertebrate host, to produce an antigen which induces an immune response in said host against said pathogen.6. One aspect of this invention relates to the identification and isolation of avirulent mutants of microbial bacteria suitable for such vaccines.Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of such avirulent mutant bacteria as carriers of antigens derived from the disease causing pathogens, such that the resulting recombinant bacteria may be used as a vaccine against the disease, or diseases, from which the antigens were derived.Background of the Invention The means by which a warm blooded animal overcomes microbial pathogenesis is a complex process.
The parent of this vaccine wild-type strain D65 was isolated from the blood of an infant in Mali, West Africa. S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus, e.g., H. infiuenzae, Neisseria, e.g., N. meningitidis, Pseudomonas, e.g., P. aeruginosa, Pasteurella, Yersinia, Chlamydia, Rickettsia, adenovirus, astrovirus, arenavirus, coronavirus, herpes virus, myxovirus, paramyxovirus, papovavirus, parvovirus, picoranvirus, pxovirus, reovirus, This patent is also a tutorial on the prior art relating to immunogenic compositions based on S. typhimurium .Stocker, in United States Patents 5,201,035; 4,837,151; and 4,735,801, discloses the attenuation of avirulent salmonella strains working with aro A" and aro C" including a discussion of heterologous disease antigens as fusion proteins in flagella.Summary of the Invention This invention, in one aspect, provides a live vaccine against a microbial pathogen. Mutagenesis was performed in S. typhimuriumTT10427.